Spaceships will follow Dragon's trail

SpaceX

SpaceX's scorched Dragon capsule sits on its American Marine recovery ship after being fished out of the Pacific Ocean on Thursday.


SpaceX's scorched Dragon cargo capsule is on a ship making its way back to Los Angeles after Thursday's historic descent from orbit.

The California-based company reported that the 14.4-foot-high (4.4-meter-high) spacecraft and its more than 1,300 pounds (620 kilograms) of cargo were in good shape, despite its plunge from the International Space Station. On the way down, the Dragon weathered re-entry temperatures in excess of 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit (1,650 degrees Celsius). At a height of 40,000 feet, the Dragon started deploying its parachutes and drifted into the Pacific, about 560 miles west of Baja California. A recovery team got to the craft, towed it to the ship and used a crane to hoist it aboard, as planned.


SpaceX spokeswoman Kirstin Brost Grantham told me that a few items will be delivered to NASA officials with a 48-hour turnaround, as a demonstration of the procedure for returning time-sensitive cargo from orbit. But the Dragon itself and most of its payload will be taking a slower ride to the port of Los Angeles. Arrival is expected around June 6, depending on weather.

From California, the craft and cargo will be trucked to SpaceX's rocket test facility in MacGregor, Texas, for postflight processing. Then the cargo will be turned over to NASA.

The handover of the Dragon's contents will be the last item to check off on NASA's list of requirements. That should clear the way for a $1.6 billion series of 12 Dragon cargo flights, with the first launch probably scheduled sometime in September.

NASA and SpaceX released a slew of awesome pictures and video documenting the Dragon's return, via SpaceX's Zenfolio gallery as well as NASA's Flickr and YouTube accounts. Here's a selection: 

NASA

SpaceX's Dragon cargo craft begins its descent on Thursday after its release by the International Space Station's Canadarm2 robotic arm, visible at top center.

During the re-entry of SpaceX's Dragon capsule, NASA and the United States Navy flew a P-3 Orion Cast Glance aircraft to capture airborne views of the spacecraft's descent. The aircraft, based at the Navy's VX-30 squadron at the Naval Air Station Point Mugu, Calif., was able to record Dragon's re-entry, parachute chute deployment and the capsule in the water.

NASA / U.S. Navy

A wind-filled parachute pulls the SpaceX Dragon capsule through the water after Thursday's Pacific splashdown.

SpaceX / U.S. Navy

A dive team secures the Dragon spacecraft for towing to its recovery barge.

NASA / U.S. Navy

The Dragon capsule nears American Marine's recovery ship, which is equipped with a crane to take the spacecraft on board.

Eventually, SpaceX is aiming for extensive reusability of its spaceship components, including a first stage that can fly itself back to the launch pad and a "Dragon 2.0" spacecraft that can do propulsive soft landings.

"That's how spaceships land in sci-fi movies," SpaceX's billionaire founder, Elon Musk, told me during a post-splashdown news conference. "And that's what also enables landing in other parts of the solar system. ... It's the way spacecraft ought to land."

But NASA won't be using this particular Dragon again. The space agency is buying a fresh spaceship for each of the 12 cargo supply missions. Musk speculated that SpaceX might send the scarred spacecraft on "a little tour of the country and show it to people around the country, [to] get students excited about space." In the future, Dragons could be refurbished for return trips to space.

Meanwhile, SpaceX is working to make the Dragon suitable for carrying astronauts as well as cargo. The development of the SuperDraco thruster system is a key part of that plan, because it fits into the propulsive-landing strategy as well as the launch escape system that NASA will require for safe human spaceflight. Musk said the system could go into operation in three years if the development effort goes well, "maybe four or five if we encounter some challenges along the way."

Other spaceship companies are making strides as well, with advice and financial support from NASA. Here's a quick progress report:

Orbital Sciences Corp., like SpaceX, has been receiving hundreds of millions of dollars to support the development of an unmanned cargo resupply system. Orbital is developing a new rocket called the Antares as well as its Cygnus cargo capsule to do the job. Last month, Orbital, Aerojet and NASA oversaw a full-duration hot-fire test of the AJ26 engine that will be used on the Antares. The first test launch from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport in Virginia is planned sometime in the next few months, and if all goes according to plan, cargo flights to the space station could begin by early next year under the terms of a $1.9 billion contract.

Blue Origin, the company founded by Amazon.com billionaire Jeff Bezos, is working on a spacecraft that could carry astronauts to the space station, with United Launch Alliance's Atlas 5 rocket to be used as the launch vehicle. On Thursday, Blue Origin reported that it successfully completed a systems requirement review of its orbital Space Vehicle. Blue Origin's president and program manager, Rob Meyerson, said in a statement that the review "paves the way to finalize our Space Vehicle design." Representatives from NASA and the Federal Aviation Administration took part in the review.

The Boeing Co. is developing its CST-100 capsule for NASA's potential use as a taxi for space station astronauts, to be launched by the Atlas 5. The company carried out drop tests in April and May to check the workability of its parachute-plus-airbag landing system. The most recent test involved dropping a CST-100 test vehicle from a helicopter, 14,000 feet above Nevada's Delamar Dry Lake Bed. Boeing's John Mulholland said the test validated the landing system design. Further ground tests of CST-100 components lie ahead, and test flights could begin in 2015-2016, Boeing says.

Video traces a parachute drop test of Boeing's CST-100 space taxi in the Nevada desert.

Sierra Nevada Corp. is developing a mini-shuttle known as the Dream Chaser, to be launched atop an Atlas 5 as a taxi for space station astronauts. This week, Sierra Nevada put the Dream Chaser through its first full-scale, captive-carry flight test. For this test, the space plane was suspended by cables beneath a heavy-lift helicopter. The first free-gliding drop tests are planned for later this year, and Sierra Nevada says the Dream Chaser could be operational by 2016. 

SpaceX, Blue Origin, Boeing and Sierra Nevada, along with other aerospace players such as ATK, Lockheed Martin and Astrium, are expected to compete for further funding from NASA later this year. Which means it's not likely to be a slow summer in the aerospace business. Has the successful Dragon mission made SpaceX the far-and-away frontrunner, or is the commercial space race up in the air? When will U.S. astronauts be flying once again on U.S.-made spaceships? Watch a panel of space commentators, including yours truly, discuss these and other questions — and feel free to weigh in with your comments below.

Watch space commentators discuss the week's developments, including the return of the Dragon from orbit.

Update for 6:55 p.m. June 2: In a Twitter update, SpaceX confirms that it has delivered some cargo items to NASA in an effort to demonstrate 48-hour rush processing after splashdown. You could call this the first commercial express delivery from outer space.

More about the commercial space race:


Alan Boyle is msnbc.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter or adding Cosmic Log's Google+ page to your circle. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for other worlds.

Discuss this post

It is fantastic that SpaceX has been 100% successful with this final test flight of the Falcon/Dragon system. It is great to see a US spacecraft one again supporting the ISS. Hopefully they will be able to get the Dragon human rated quickly so that we can stop relying on the Russians to get our astronauts to the ISS. I hate the fact that we need to rely on another nation to get to the ISS which we foot most of the bill for building to start with. It is very uncomfortable to think that at any time the Russians could completely cut off our access to the ISS. I know that we have treaties to prevent that but relations between our two nations could change at any time and the Russians could take complete control of the ISS. I will be very happy when we once again have the ability to get our own astronauts to the ISS in a US built and operated space craft.

  • 7 votes
Reply#1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 1:25 AM EDT

cool stuff , to be sure.......glad to see a private interest picking up.

  • 4 votes
#1.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 7:04 PM EDT

THANK YOU Elon Musk. You are a true role model to those of us who still believe in space exploration.

  • 4 votes
#1.2 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 8:56 PM EDT

Great article again Alan ....

What a proud time we are in , for many types of space works ....

Joint ventures with NASA to commute to the ISS ....

Talks of mining asteroids ....

Talks of a manned orbit around Venus ....

And many private companies jumping in now ....

I have to say that you had the nicest back drop for your weekly on line meeting Alan ....

Have fun ....

  • 3 votes
#1.3 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:17 PM EDT
Reply

Russians taking complete control of the Space Station? I'm more worried about the fact that their name is 'SpaceX,' and Sissy Spacek's most famous role is Coal Miner's Daughter, with Tommy Lee Jones, who is in the Men In Black, which is about aliens from Space.

  • 4 votes
Reply#2 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 2:04 AM EDT

Yes... but Tommy Lee Jones also starred in Space Cowboys where he saved the planet with his missile riding to the moon.

    #2.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 8:54 PM EDT

    What, no 'Carrie?"

      #2.2 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 10:55 PM EDT

      Russians taking complete control of the Space Station? I'm more worried about the fact that their name is 'SpaceX,' and Sissy Spacek's most famous role is Coal Miner's Daughter, with Tommy Lee Jones, who is in the Men In Black, which is about aliens from Space.

      But how does this tie in with Keven Bacon?

        #2.3 - Wed Jun 6, 2012 2:09 PM EDT
        Reply

        "It's the way spacecraft ought to land".....your damned right. I surely don't need vindicated, I know whats right, real space ships don't bounce!!....Musk knows how to run a space industry company, I can see that. I hope others can see that too, it takes more than money. Gumption.

        • 3 votes
        Reply#3 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 2:06 AM EDT

        Agreed, this is a man who's turning sci-fi into fact--- and THAT'S a fact!! Go Elon!! :) --S--

        • 3 votes
        #3.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 3:27 AM EDT

        The reason spaceships don't land on Earth using engine thrust to slow their decent is because they don't need to do it that way. It's much more economical to use parachutes wherever there's an atmosphere thick enough to use them. A powered landing requires carrying the main engine and all that extra fuel into orbit and that reduces the useful payload. Until a propulsion system using a virtually unlimited power source, such as controlled fusion, is developed, parachutes or gliders like the space shuttle are the way to go.

        • 7 votes
        #3.2 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 12:34 PM EDT

        A virtually unlimited power source...

        Or a stupidly unconventional one: http://www.cracked.com/article_16631_5-retarded-space-travel-ideas-that-might-actually-work.html

        #4 is looking might nifty to me.

          #3.3 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 1:49 PM EDT

          Do these capsules have back up parachutes like skydivers do? Can they land and survive with just one if two got tangled?

            #3.4 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 3:58 PM EDT

            JRS, I doubt it. It also doesn't really take a rocket scientist to realize that "shlt happens". I just hope that when it does spacex and others will pick themselves up and carry on.

              #3.5 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 7:36 PM EDT

              "A powered landing requires carrying the main engine and all that extra fuel into orbit and that reduces the useful payload.'

              Yes, and...?

              The Russians have always used rockets carried to the very last second to make a tolerable landing on land, which they consider preferable to water landings. Maximum payload isn't everything. Sometimes it's perfectly okay to take a performance hit, in order to simplify operations.

              Besides, for Dragon, those same engines could function for launch abort, if needed on ascent. You now don't have to throw away unused LES rockets this way. and though it's never happened, there's no longer the chance that conventional 'escape towers' won't jettison, either...

                #3.6 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:05 PM EDT

                JRS, American, yes, powered-landing Dragons will still have parachutes...

                  #3.7 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:07 PM EDT
                  Reply

                  So we wind up spending 5x more money that if the government did it themselves? Yea right....

                    Reply#4 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 6:31 AM EDT

                    That's not the idea ... I'm not sure where you're getting that figure. If you factor in the $300 million that NASA is providing for Dragon cargo development, plus the $1.6 billion for the 12-flight contract, you get 13 flights to the space station for $1.9 billion. That works out to roughly $150 million per flight for the initial period, with economies of scale coming into the picture in the out years. In comparison, each shuttle mission cost at least $1 billion, with higher costs in the latter years. NASA is also spending money with other potential spaceship developers, but that's likely to follow similar cost/benefit equations. Robert Clark just forwarded me this link that cites other figures about the comparative costs of spaceflight and the outlook for the future: http://exoscientist.blogspot.com/2012/06/on-lasting-importance-of-spacex.html

                    • 7 votes
                    #4.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 2:44 PM EDT

                    I wanted to acknowledge that the Dragon is not as capable as a cargo carrier as the shuttle was. But even four Dragon launches at $150 million per, with cargo-carrying capability of 6 tons per launch (pressurized + unpressurized in the "trunk"), would be about half as costly as one shuttle launch (with 25-ton cargo capability).

                    • 7 votes
                    #4.2 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 2:53 PM EDT

                    If someone wanted to add a new piece to the ISS, that would be a job for Falcon Heavy--rated at 53 metric tons to low-earth-orbit. What about the volume? Well, I read the other day that the FH fairing could be 18ft wide. This looks ok because the Space Shuttle's payload bay is 15ft x 59ft. I haven't read anything about what the possible FH payload length could be.

                    BTW, on Thursday, I saw an interview with some guy from a satellite company. He said that they would like to put up very large satellites because of their efficiency. So...things look good for FH and SpaceX.

                    One other little point. As I understand it, the payload capacity of Dragon is set by the payload capacity (10.45 metric tons) of Falcon 9 and the empty weight (4.2 metric tons) of Dragon. This leaves 6.25 metric tons capacity for Dragon.

                    • 1 vote
                    #4.3 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 4:13 PM EDT

                    I found the 18ft FH fairing width capability in a very interesting Sept 2011 article at the National Space Society: see The SpaceX Falcon Heavy Booster: Why Is It Important?

                      #4.4 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 4:24 PM EDT

                      The entire 12 flight SpaceX CRS resupply contract costs about what ONE SINGLE Shuttle supply flight cost ($1.5 billion)...
                      The SpaceX vehicles are far more advanced and cost efficient than anything NASA is capable of.
                      And the new SpaceX Falcon Heavy will cost only $100 million yet launch TWICE the shuttle payload to orbit..

                        #4.5 - Tue Jun 5, 2012 10:20 AM EDT
                        Reply

                        I haven't been this excited since a shuttle took off. It does feel good to be making our way back to space. Dream Chaser should be very interesting. But good job Space-x and go Boeing.

                        • 3 votes
                        Reply#5 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 10:23 AM EDT

                        "SpaceX spokeswoman Kirstin Brost Grantham told me that a few items will be delivered to NASA officials with a 48-hour turnaround"

                        We already have a two-day shipping service in space. Looks like SpaceX is aiming to be the future Fedex :p

                        • 3 votes
                        Reply#6 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 1:44 PM EDT

                        SpaceX's reusability plans are shown in this video at the SpaceX website: Plans for full reusability

                        (PS. It would be nice to have links more visible: colored, for example.)

                          Reply#7 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 3:24 PM EDT

                          Like this?

                          http://www.spacex.com/multimedia/videos.php?id=0

                          I just clicked on the sites url, copied (ctrl c) and pasted (ctrl v) it in place, I don't know how you did yours, is this what is referred to as embedding?

                            #7.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 7:47 PM EDT

                            american,

                            Surely, but the "a" HTML tag is often less cumbersome because it's easy to use within ordinary text. But, the link text needs to really stand out well. Bold or underline are not good enough indications of a link because they can also be the result of highlighting-only tags. Note how Wikipedia uses blue for the link text. Some HTML tags are available in XHTML mode here.

                              #7.2 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:45 PM EDT
                              Reply

                              Watching the video, it feels like watching old news reels of the Apollo program. (e.g., http://youtu.be/RsZZ7CvKIYs )

                              Also, that ship needs a coat of paint but that's the Navy in me talking.

                              I am glad that we have private industries here in the US that can get us up and back from space. I am looking forward to seeing the next generation shuttle because it seems that the science is limited with just the Dragon capsule and it only serves as a ferry to the ISS but could not do something like work on the Hubble Space Telescope or repair satellites.

                              • 2 votes
                              Reply#8 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 3:56 PM EDT

                              The Dragon could be used to work on the Hubble, or repair satellites...

                              And while Nasa's shuttle cost a bankrupting $1.5 billion/launch, a Falcon/Dragon is under $100 million..

                              BTW...Nasa's Space Shuttle was the most expensive/unaffordable, dangerous (2 crews dead, 2 of 5 ships lost), and unreliable (several multi-year outages) space vehicle in history.

                                #8.1 - Tue Jun 5, 2012 10:24 AM EDT
                                Reply

                                Elon said that he had a visit last week from the head of the Russian space agency and some Russian diplomats. He never did say what the purpose of the visit was. Maybe he sold them some missions. I doubt the State Department would have a problem with civilian missions for Russia; however, putting up a satellite for Kim Jong-un would, I expect, would be out of the question. I do hope that SpaceX has some good security for their design details. 

                                  Reply#9 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 4:52 PM EDT

                                  Or it might have been just a meeting to reassure the Russians that the Dragon wouldn't wreck their space station. At one time the Russians said there was no way they'd let the Dragon dock, so they needed to be assured that SpaceX was legit.

                                  • 3 votes
                                  #9.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 7:10 PM EDT
                                  Reply

                                  One small leap forward for a few companies and one giant leap backward for the space program. Whoop te do. Looks like the apollo.

                                    Reply#10 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 6:51 PM EDT

                                    Actually, most of the U.S. concepts for crew-carrying capsules look like Apollo, because it turns out that's a pretty good shape for a spacecraft that doesn't glide like the shuttle. Blue Origin is putting a couple of little fins on their biconic vehicle to add stability and maneuverability, and Sierra Nevada has an aerodynamic space plane. But it turns out that NASA's multibillion-dollar Orion craft for beyond-Earth-orbit exploration over the next 20 years or so will look like Apollo as well.

                                    • 3 votes
                                    Reply#11 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 7:14 PM EDT

                                    If this had happened 30 years ago, we would already have a colony on Mars

                                    • 1 vote
                                    Reply#12 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 7:27 PM EDT

                                    Yes... think of it... Nasa spent money like a drunken sailor on Apollo... $25 billion.. but at least we got to the Moon...

                                    However, in the 40 years since Apollo, Nasa has spent $500 billion on manned space.. 20 times more.. yet no American has left low earth orbit, and Nasa can't even visit/supply it's own space station..

                                    If we had gotten pork driven, wasteful, big govt Nasa out of the way 40 years ago, for far less $s we could have had lunar colonies, Americans on Mars, etc DECADES AGO..

                                      #12.1 - Tue Jun 5, 2012 10:27 AM EDT
                                      Reply

                                      if I remember right the orion craft was to look like a airliner, capable of going from ground to space W/O use of boosters. I also do believe that there ws a model of the thing available to build for youngsters, i know I built mone back in the mid to late 70's. the only reason NASA and the gov. have such high prices for their stuff is due to, well, you tell me mr. 500 dollars a hammer. they buy stuff and don't check the price guide and with that kind of accounting you're bound to get jacked. if I or any 1 else built the shuttle it would have cost closer to 1/2 a bill. and wouldn't disentegrate when coming back into the atmosphere. wouldn't have O- ring problems either. these companies are doing what our gov. has done and cheaper, they paid actual cost-5 dollars a hammer. then again what the hell do i know, i never got past basic math and algebra still escapes me

                                        Reply#13 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 7:43 PM EDT

                                        Your thinking of the X33. The orion project was basically an updated apollo. Its still being developed actually. They changed the name. Its now called the crew exploration vehicle or somesuch and its right on track to fly in two years. They just decided to stop developing the lunar and mars mission hardware and develop the parts we need now. We can develop the rest later if we choose to.

                                          #13.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 8:57 PM EDT

                                          Oops,sorry,wrong orion,I know the one your talking about

                                            #13.2 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 9:02 PM EDT

                                            The original Orion (as proposed by Freeman Dyson) was powered by exploding nuclear bombs (small ones). It could deliver 500 tons dead weight cargo Earth to Mars surface in 44 days. A conventional explosive powered model was actually flown. The concept was sound.

                                            • 1 vote
                                            #13.3 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 10:11 PM EDT

                                            Indeed. The name, and that they were to go into space. is all they have in common...

                                              #13.4 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:12 PM EDT

                                              Yea,nuclear pulse propulsion is actually a very very solid concept. Clearly the idea of launching it from the earths surface was a little hairbrained,but if you built it in orbit it would be great. I imagine a advanced nuclear pulse propelled ship would have either a large disposable chemical rocket or an ion thruster to break orbit,as you would not want to use the pulse propulsion anywhere near the earth. Then once your far enough away,you start dropping bombs. Actually,you might be able to make something even better with todays bleeding edge tech.

                                              One thought might be to use something less than a full on bomb. There have been many experiments with using a small glass sphere surriouding tritium and vaporizing the glass with a laser. The result is a fusion reaction. That alone might work,or alternatively,maybe you could scale it up and make a sphere of plutonium,filled with deuturium and tritium,surrounded by a shell that would be vaporized and implode the whole assembly. The plutonium would go supercritical as it compressed around the core of tritium and deuturium (which at sufficient pressure would become metalic) The imploding plutonium shell would cause fusion,and the resulting fusion would create more neutrons boosting the fision,making much greater yeild. Potentially such a device might weight about 15-20Kg each allowing a lot of these fuel "pellets" to be carried.

                                                #13.5 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:23 PM EDT

                                                While Nasa was blowing $20 billion on the failed/canceled Constellation project.... for boosters/capsule..

                                                SpaceX developed far more advanced/efficient booster/capsule for only $300 million...

                                                Despite that, Congress/Nasa is blowing $60+ billion more on unneeded/unwanted shameless pork on SLS/Orion... when SpaceX has vastly superior, deep space capable booster/capsules already flying..

                                                Nasa should be shut down, and instead we should fund Caltech's JPL and SpaceX directly... and get a dozen times the results for the dollar.

                                                  #13.6 - Tue Jun 5, 2012 10:32 AM EDT
                                                  Reply

                                                  Ok,500 dollar hammers. Sounds crazy right,a hammer from the hardware store costs 10 bucks. Why on earth would nasa be this stupid? They are stupid,right?

                                                  Well,maybe not. Consider that it costs 10,000 dollars a pound to put cargo into orbit. A hammer might weigh a pound. It costs 10,000 dollars to launch that. Lets say they can shave the weight by 4 oz. Thats 2500 dollars saved right there,but its more than that. Theres the oppertunity cost associated with it. In other words,the spacecraft will be loaded to the max no matter WHAT is put on it,but if you shave 4oz there,you can put four ounces of somehting else onboard. It all adds up.

                                                  So,you tell your engineer to shave some weight from the hammer. The head has to be a similar weight or the hammer wont work. Still,the engineer figures he can shave about 10% and still have it work. It goes and BUYS 20 hammers from the hardware store. The trip takes him 2 hours,and he gets paid about 80k a year ,or roughly 40 bucks an hour. Thats 80 dollars plus 200 dollars for the hammers. He now takes a drill press and drills holes in the hammer heads,it weakens them,so the final design cant do this. Still,he now has 20 hammers with heads ranging from 5% to 30% lighter. He now takes an leaf spring,and cleverly affixes it to a 4x4. He puts a large rock in it,mounts a hammer to it with a hose clamp and repeatedly lifts it to various hights and lets the spring whack a chunk out of a rock,taking carefull notes. This actually takes a day and a half. At 40 dollars an hour,thats 480 dollars. He now knows that a hammer thats 20% lighter works acceptably but 25 or 30% is just to light to do a good job. (Several of the hammers broke,but thats ok,hes not actually going ot use them for anything but basic hammer testing) He now sketches up basic crude design,suggesting a aluminum shaft,and a head with lightening cuts in it,rather than the holes. Hes designed the head to be both strong and light and specifies a high strength,but flexible steel for it. He specifies aluminum for the handle. Overall,hes saved 7 ounces. Now a drafter spends four hours drawing up a detailed blueprint. That costs another 160 dollars. Its sent to a machinist. The machinist charges 2500 dollars setup to create the dies and jigs needed to make the hammer. Once thats done,it costs about 50 dollars to make each one,becuase they are not beign mass produced. A machinist has to make each and every one by hand. They COULD be mass produced for around 25 dollars a piece (they are not made out of cheap castins,but exotic aerospace alloys) but the setup costs would run into the tens of thousands and they only will need 20 of them. The machine shop sends them back a prototype.

                                                  So now they have their hammers,right,thats 3500 dollars for the engineering and setup costs,divided over 20 hammers, or 171 dollars per hammer,plus another 50 to make it. Thats 221 dollars per hammer. But now they can crank out 20 and they are done?

                                                  Not so fast. They are going to the moon to collect rock samples. Thats the whole science objective of the mission. Imagine if you went out to the field to collect rock samples and your only hammer broke. It would be a disaster. You would have to go back and get another,and on the moon,you cant just run down to the store. They need to make sure the hammer actually WORKS as intended,and will hold up under expected use. They figure the spring on a board will work well for that. They affix a peice of rock to it,and the prototype hammer and give it a few whacks. After 10 times the handle breaks. Not good. They figure out that aluminum just isnt strong enough,but thats where most of the weight savings was. They pull out the materials books and choose a magnesium,titanium,aluminum alloy thats actualy lighter and stronger than aluminum. Its harder to machine though and the machinist needs another 1000 dollars to set up the new tooling. Its not cheap either,and also brings the cost of the hammer up to 75 dollars each. They have another prototype made. This one passes with flying colors. ALl the testing took about a week,at 20 dollars an hour for the tech that performed it.

                                                  So,we have 3500 dollars,plus 50 for the first hammer that didnt work,plus another 75 for the second prototype (which cant actually be sent out,as its been beat to heck and actually tested until it broke,to see how well it held up) plus another 1000 for tooling setup (becuase magnesium alloys have to be machined differently so he had to use a differnt machine for it),plus another 800 dollars for the 40 hours of the techs time that tested it (at 20 an hour). Thats 5425 dollars for the design,testing and tooling setup to make the "space hammers".That does not count the 75 dollars each for the hammers themselves. Thats ANOTHER 1500 dollars. Thats $6925 dollars total or divided over the 20 hammers (we dont count the prototypes),it comes out to 345.26 a hammer.

                                                  Of course,this was not done by NASA. It was contracted out. Nasa engineers have a lot on their plate and these sorts of things are usually sent out to contractor,which of course there was a line item on a contract for "Hammer : $500"

                                                  This was presumably contracted out to some aerospace company. They do this sort of thing out of the goodness of their heart. Those costs are not the costs to NASA,they are the costs to the CONTRACTOR. The contractor does not just have to pay the engineer and the machine shop and the technician,but the secrataries the IT people,and still has to make a profit for the shareholders. They pay about 350 dollars each for the hammers and then sell them to NASA for 500 dollars. All things considered,its a fair price.

                                                  The 500 dollar hammer does not look so bad anymore.

                                                  • 2 votes
                                                  Reply#14 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 9:34 PM EDT

                                                  "Well,maybe not. Consider that it costs 10,000 dollars a pound to put cargo into orbit. A hammer might weigh a pound. It costs 10,000 dollars to launch that. Lets say they can shave the weight by 4 oz. Thats 2500 dollars saved right there..."

                                                  Don't take 'cost per pound' that literally. It assumes a launcher is always pretty nearly fully loaded. The cost of the entire launch operation is dependent on the design (which determines how many people are needed to support it, and on how many are made, which improves manufacturing economies of scale and launch crew proficiency...and how often it's flown, if it's an RLV), and will always be about the same.

                                                  Just as a commercial airliner must fill a certain minimum number of seats for a flight to break even, if you underload a launcher, the cost-per-pound merely gets worse. (you might even have to add ballast, to keep accelerations from getting unacceptably high)

                                                  If you have a seriously smaller payload (or typical number of passengers on a given route), you switch to a smaller launcher (or airplane).

                                                  But if your engineers have an ounce of sense,they already use the lightest structural materials they could, consistent with strength and cost of manufacturing...necessary for an ELV, and utterly vital for an RLV, more so if SSTO)

                                                  But shaving ounces off the frame, only leaves you with a slightly weaker frame. Nothing more.

                                                    #14.1 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:30 PM EDT
                                                    Reply

                                                    It's great that we're allowing private companies to do this. NASA can focus on the long term picture. If we fail to get off this rock, and into other solar systems, we will have done no more than the dinosaurs. They rose to dominate the planet for over 100,000,000 years, only to become extinct. If a rock as big as the one that destroyed them might not totally wipe us out, but it would definitely change the game for millions of years.

                                                      Reply#15 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 9:38 PM EDT

                                                      Great, get the half, a$$ed government out of it and allow the people with know how to get it on.

                                                      Better yet, dump the EPA and allow private citizens to take3 care of it.

                                                        Reply#16 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 10:22 PM EDT

                                                        I wonder how many NASA people have checked out SpaceX's careers page?

                                                        http://www.spacex.com/careers.php

                                                          Reply#17 - Sat Jun 2, 2012 11:53 PM EDT

                                                          In a Twitter update, SpaceX confirms that it has delivered some cargo items to NASA in an effort to demonstrate 48-hour rush processing after splashdown. You could call this the first commercial express delivery from outer space.

                                                          SpaceEx, when it absolutely, positively, has to be to Jupiter overnight.

                                                          Do I smell a SpaceX and FedEx merger in the future?

                                                            Reply#18 - Sun Jun 3, 2012 11:24 AM EDT

                                                            I just want to point to the previous done and now the whole world facing this crap @!$%# consequences of global warming effect and carbon trading system don't quite convincing vice versa.

                                                            Facsinating, excited, all experimental, ....... Take it out clear of the impacts. This world not only simply, its dimply..... Formats, settings... Chasing clouds like it be OK but what if??/ Armageddon!!! Orbital!!! You women want to stop your menstruals???

                                                              Reply#19 - Mon Jun 4, 2012 10:50 AM EDT

                                                              Congratulations to SpaceX. They worked hard, very hard to get this done. They did what only a few countries have been able to do. Positively an achievement to be proud of.

                                                              Ok, what is your next big move? I'm waiting to see.

                                                                Reply#20 - Tue Jun 5, 2012 4:38 PM EDT

                                                                Thanks again SpaceX! You have shown the world what "FREE ENTERPRISE" is capable of doing. Twenty years from now (providing we don't blow ourselves off the planet) all this blather about cost will be a quaint topic for discussion during afternoon teas. Bring on the competition and let's get it started down here. GO SPACEX!

                                                                  Reply#21 - Wed Jun 6, 2012 2:16 PM EDT

                                                                  there is no doubt this is a great milestone in humanity, Surely the takeoff and land without the bouncy part will come in due time (hope it's one of my inventions and I am sure you hope it's one of yours)....meanwhile, let's hope America can parlay this brief lead and as well that other countries can follow suit!! A Unified Planetary federation pretty much demands it. And I mean aside from the SF stuff. Take oceanic trade for example, it has made the world smaller and of course aircraft can take off and land pretty much from and to the entire world with no hassle and a standardized set of systems and operating procedures...which is my point, let us set the standard by which the rest measure up, as fecisous as that is. Lastly, I remember when I first signed on to the technology transfer program from nasa....the transfer fees were (as I saw it) quite unbalanced, but man did it really seem like it got out of hand..here the bottom line is, I WANT ACCESS TO THAT AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY!!!...how can I hope to compete? anyone wanna sign on to a new paypal or google or something??....I say give all my small biz competitors a helping hand with the tech that everyones collective taxes helped pay for, give us some means of access to the tech, I am past the point of begging for it, bush policies actually restricted public access, at the very least we must get back to where we once were, sure, keep it in america, all for that, but find some avenues where we the people can share some of that wealth of information, not just dole it to the wealthiest like a special cherry pie.....now I know when the likes of us post on these boards, WE WOULD NEVER GET ANY CREDIT FOR IT, the ratt paks inc, call that free food, so give some of it back to us, we need it, and it will help the country grow stronger in the long term. It is common sense. end of soap box, for now.

                                                                    Reply#22 - Fri Jun 8, 2012 2:20 AM EDT
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